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India’s Jute Industry India is the  world’s biggest producer of jute , followed by Bangladesh. Jute is  primarily grown in West Bengal, Odisha, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Andhra Pradesh. The  jute industry in India is 150 years old . There are about 79 jute mills in the country, of which about 60 are in West Bengal along both the banks of river Hooghly. Jute production is a labour intensive industry. It employs about two lakh workers in the West Bengal alone and 4 lakh workers across the country. The major problems of Indian Jute Industries are mentioned below: High cost of production:  Equipments for production are all worn out, outmoded in design. Many mills are uneconomic. Products are made costlier. Storage of raw Jute:  Jute industry suffers from inadequate supply of raw jute. Shortage of Power Supply : Load-shedding creates problem of under-utilization of capacity. Growth of Jute mills in Bangladesh and loss of foreign market : Newly started jute industry in Bangladesh has cap

 The phrase "Insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results" is a powerful reminder of the folly of repeating actions that have consistently failed to produce the desired outcome. This principle holds true across various aspects of life, from personal relationships to professional endeavors to societal structures. In the context of India, there are numerous examples that illustrate the pervasiveness of this cycle of insanity, hindering progress and perpetuating stagnation. Dimension 1: Societal Practices One prominent example is the entrenched caste system, which has plagued Indian society for centuries. Despite numerous efforts to dismantle this rigid hierarchy, it continues to cast its shadow over social interactions, economic opportunities, and political representation. The persistence of caste-based discrimination, often manifesting in violence and exclusion, exemplifies the insanity of clinging to outdated practices that breed inequali

 Uplifting core values in society requires a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach. Here are some measures that can be adopted to foster and promote positive core values, thereby addressing and mitigating the manifestation of corruption: 1. Education and Awareness:    - Incorporate Ethics in Education: Integrate ethics and values education into formal education systems at all levels. Teach students about the importance of integrity, honesty, and social responsibility.    - Public Awareness Campaigns: Conduct campaigns that raise awareness about the detrimental effects of corruption on society and emphasize the benefits of ethical behavior. 2. Promotion of Civic Engagement:    - Community Involvement:Encourage active participation in community and civic activities. Engaged citizens are more likely to contribute positively to society and hold others accountable for their actions.    - Volunteerism: Promote volunteerism as a means of instilling a sense of responsibility and community s

 In the context of corporate governance, both moral integrity and professional integrity play crucial roles in ensuring ethical conduct and responsible management within an organization. 1. Moral Integrity in Corporate Governance:    - Definition: Moral integrity in corporate governance refers to the adherence to ethical principles and values by individuals within an organization, particularly those in leadership positions.    - Example:Consider a CEO who, in the face of financial pressure, decides not to cut corners or engage in fraudulent accounting practices to boost short-term profits. Instead, the CEO chooses to uphold honesty and transparency, prioritizing the long-term health of the company and maintaining the trust of stakeholders. 2. Professional Integrity in Corporate Governance:    - Definition: Professional integrity involves the consistent application of ethical standards and the fulfillment of professional responsibilities in the business environment.    - Example: A Chie

Discuss how Indian theatre can aid youngsters in comprehending social issues, language, culture and linguistic development ?10Marks  Indian theatre plays a crucial role in aiding youngsters in comprehending social issues, language, culture, and linguistic development. It serves as a powerful medium for education, reflection, and cultural expression. Here are some ways in which Indian theatre contributes to the understanding of these aspects among the youth, along with examples:  1. Social Issues:    Indian theatre often addresses contemporary social issues, helping youngsters become more aware and engaged in societal matters. Plays dealing with topics like gender inequality, caste discrimination, and environmental issues can create a platform for dialogue and reflection.    Example:The play "Muktidham" by renowned playwright Vijay Tendulkar addresses the caste system in India, making the audience question societal norms and prejudices.  2. Language Development:    Theatre exp

  Why is caste identity in India both fluid and static?" was asked in the Mains 2023 GS Paper 1.  Let us look at the model answer to this question.  Answer:  Caste identity involves the positioning of one's caste group within a social hierarchy. Caste identity in India is complex and characterised by its dual nature of being both fluid and static. On the one hand, there is evidence of social mobility and caste change, while on the other hand, caste-based discrimination and inequality persist. Factors responsible for fluidity in caste identity Education and urbanisation: Education and urbanisation have led to social mobility and a change in caste identity, loosening of traditional caste ties. For example, the enrolment of SC students in higher education has increased to 58.95 Lakh from 46.06 Lakh in 2014-15. (AISHE Survey 2020-21) Sanskritisation: Through the process of Sanskritization, lower-caste groups have adopted the rituals, customs, and lifestyles of upper-caste groups

  Why are farmers burning crop residues? Shorter cropping cycles:  Multiple cropping and shortened intervals between crops give a very short window of about 10–15 days during which the field needs to be prepared for the next crop. This does not give farmers enough time to allow straw to be incorporated in the soil or use other methods of disposal. In Punjab, this interval is further shortened by the rules, which delays the sowing of paddy till after the onset of rains to minimize dependence on groundwater for irrigation.  Increased mechanisation of harvesting:  The use of mechanized harvesters leaves stubble of 10– 30 cm in the field, depending on the type of crop, which was not the case earlier with manual harvesting. It is too expensive to hire labour to clear this stubble. Labour shortage:  Use of expensive labour for stubble extraction is not feasible. Costs are especially high in Punjab and Haryana, where farm sizes are large and use of mechanized harvesters is common. Burning of

  In the heart of Rajasthan’s Barmer district, a concerning and tragic trend has emerged—young married women are resorting to self-inflicted deaths by jumping into wells. This phenomenon, termed “well suicides,” has gripped the region, prompting a closer look at the underlying factors, causes, and efforts made to address this alarming crisis. The Well Suicides Epidemic Barmer, a district famed for its natural resources such as oil, coal, and gas, has become a focal point for a distressing surge in suicides among its young married women since 2019. The disturbing pattern involves women, often with their young children, ending their lives by plunging into wells or man-made water storage tanks known as tankas. This distressing surge has prompted attention from local authorities, media outlets, and law enforcement agencies. For instance, Hanuman Ram’s ordeal encapsulates the heart-wrenching nature of this trend. Waking up one morning to find his 20-year-old wife Mamta missing, he discovere

  Marriage is a union of two souls who want to spend their lives together “till death do them apart” or till a legal divorce battle, whichever comes first. The amount of money that goes into arranging, preparing, organizing, and more than that sustaining a marriage is enormous. In India divorce and separation are perceived to be relatively rare events because of course, society has a lot more to say about the situation than the two people who are actually involved. Earlier, divorce did not concern the very vast majority of people in a country where the economy is fundamentally rural, people are uneducated with no contact with the outside world, and the clamour for better living was absent. However, times have changed. According to recent reports, an upward trend and significant variations in divorce and separation by region, religion, rural and urban residence, and number and sex of children can be noticed.  Statistics Of Divorce In India India’s census gives its citizens the choice to

  What do you mean by Regenerative Agriculture ? Critically Examine ? Regenerative agriculture is an approach to farming and land management that focuses on restoring and enhancing the health of the soil, ecosystems, and the overall environment. It aims to go beyond sustainable practices by actively improving the resources it uses and ensuring the long-term resilience of the agricultural system. Here is a critical examination of regenerative agriculture: Positive Aspects: 1. Soil Health Improvement : Regenerative agriculture emphasizes building and maintaining healthy soil through practices like cover cropping, crop rotation, and reduced tillage. Healthy soil is essential for nutrient cycling, water retention, and overall plant health. 2. Biodiversity Enhancement: By diversifying crops and integrating livestock, regenerative agriculture promotes biodiversity. This helps in pest control, reduces the need for synthetic inputs, and contributes to a more resilient and balanced ecosystem.