Climate Change - The Challenges for Indian Agriculture

-

Climate Change - The Challenges for Indian Agriculture

As in many parts of the world, drastic changes in climatic conditions have also been observed in India and these include impact on onset and withdrawal dates of monsoon and the incidence of extreme events (IPCC, 2019 and GoI, 2020).

Consistent with models of climate change, the number of dry days as well as days with extremely high levels of rainfall have increased in India - more intense droughts; downward shifts in average rainfall by 59 mm since 2000 (Chart 1a); higher frequency of cyclones - India was hit by 8 cyclones in 2019 which is the highest since 1976 (Chart 1b); high variation in the number of subdivisions receiving excess/normal and deficient/scanty monsoon rains (Chart 1c); and an increase in the extent of crop area damaged due to unseasonal rains and heavy floods (Chart 1d).

Chart 1a,1b,1c,1d

Global warming has also led to a sharp rise in the annual average temperature in India by 1.8°C between 1997 and 2019 as compared to a 0.5°C increase between 1901 and 2000 (Chart 2a). This has likely caused a decline in crop yields, undermining farm income (Chart 2b).

Chart 2a,2b

Global warming has also led to a sharp rise in the annual average temperature in India by 1.8°C between 1997 and 2019 as compared to a 0.5°C increase between 1901 and 2000 (Chart 2a). This has likely caused a decline in crop yields, undermining farm income (Chart 2b).

Water tables have depleted at an alarming rate, with around 52 per cent of the wells in India recording decline in water levels between the years 2008 and 2018 (Chart 3a). This imparts urgency to move from flood irrigation to micro irrigation methods like drip or hose reel, which can save up to 60 per cent of the water used and also help in preventing pest incidence. At present, the coverage of micro irrigation is much lower in states which have recorded higher declines in water tables (Chart 3b). Alongside, there is a need to adopt crop cycles, credit cycles and procurement patterns to monsoonal shifts.

Chart 3a,3b

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Discuss the Salient features of cultural tradition of south India as reflected in Sangam leterature?15M

-
Introduction :  The Sangam Age in Indian history witnessed the rapid development of literary works in the southern regions. The literature that was created during this time came to be known as Sangam literature Mostly literary sources help us to understand t he society and culture of the Sangam age , which provides information regarding t he classification of the people, caste system , various occupations , practice of slavery , d ress and food hab it, status of women , religious practice s, education a nd other f ine ar t. Sources to understand Cultural Tradition of south India  The literatures are the primary sources for understanding the socio-cultural life of the people of Sangam age. The literatures of the Sangam age consists of the earliest Tamil literary works such as Tolkappiyam, the Ettutogai (Eight Anthologies), the Pattuppattu (Ten Idylls), the Pandinenkilkanakku (Eight Minor works) and the Five Epics Silappathikaram, Manimegalai, Sivaga Sindamani, Valaiyapathy and Kunda
Read more

Discuss the impact of social media, overprotective parenting, and the decline of unsupervised outdoor play on children’s emotional well-being?

-
 The emotional well-being of children has been increasingly influenced by several modern factors, including social media, overprotective parenting, and the decline of unsupervised outdoor play. Each of these elements plays a role in shaping children's emotional health, and their combined effects can be complex. Here’s a closer look at how each factor impacts children: 1. Social Media Impact on Emotional Well-being: Increased Anxiety and Depression : Social media can expose children to idealized images and lifestyles, potentially leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. For example, seeing peers portray seemingly perfect lives on platforms like Instagram or TikTok can make children feel like they don't measure up. Cyberbullying : Social media can be a medium for cyberbullying, which can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and depression. Victims of online bullying may experience emotional trauma and difficulty trusting others. Reduced Face-to-Face Interaction : Exce
Read more