The frequency and intensity of cyclones in the Arabian Sea have increased in the recent years examine the reasons?

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The Arabian Sea is comparatively less prone to cyclonic storms than the Bay of Bengal. Almost 50 per cent of the storms do not sustain over its waters since the west-central and north Arabian Sea have a colder sea temperature than other adjacent regions. This cold sea surface temperature is not favourable for the development and sustenance of cyclonic storms.

In the usual course, there was an occurrence of one extremely severe cyclone in every four-five years in the Arabian. The cyclone pattern and occurrence has shown a change and the climatological data from the last few years suggest that the Arabian Sea (west coast) also started receiving tropical cyclones of high intensity in a small time interval. For instance, in 15 years (1998 to 2013), five extremely severe cyclones originated in the Sea.Nilofar’ Cyclone ‘Chapal’ followed by Cyclone ‘Megh , cyclone Tauktae .


There are various reasons for it, including the geographical location, the sea surface temperature (SST, as well as salinity of the sea. All of these play an important role.

A study by The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology has shown that both the frequency and intensity of cyclones in the Arabian Sea are on the rise. The experts believe the key reason is a rise in the ocean temperature.

  • The ideal sea temperature or SST for the formation of cyclones is 28.5 degrees Celsius. At the usual 28 degrees SST, the Bay of Bengal is categorised as a warm pool region. Cyclones draw their energy from the warm pool regions,”  The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology said.


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