The shift from Non-Industrial to Industrial age could be marked by the main features in technological, socio-economic, and cultural terms?Discuss?M

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 This term “Industrial Revolution” was first popularized by the English economic historian Arnold Toynbee (1852–83) to describe England’s economic development and refer to the period of rapid social, economic, demographic, and technological change which took place in Britain from the latter half of the eighteenth century to the first half of the nineteenth century

The shift from Non-Industrial to Industrial age could be marked by the main features in technological, socio-economic, and cultural terms. The technological changes included the following: 

(1) the use of new basic materials, chiefly iron and steel, 

(2) the use of new energy sources, including both fuels and motive power, such as coal, the steam engine, electricity, petroleum, and the internal-combustion engine, 

(3) the invention of new machines, such as the spinning jenny and the power loom that permitted increased production with a smaller expenditure of human energy, 

(4) a new organization of work known as the factory system, which entailed increased division of labour and specialization of function, 

(5) important developments in transportation and communication, including the steam locomotive, steamship, automobile, airplane, telegraph, and radio, and 

(6) the increasing application of science to industry. These technological changes made possible a tremendously increased use of natural resources and the mass production of manufactured goods.

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