India’s urban floods: Why we need to look at nature-based solutions

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 Nature-based solutions are sustainable and cost-effective approaches that utilize natural processes to reduce the impact of urban flooding. These solutions can be effective in managing urban flooding while also providing additional benefits such as improved air quality, reduced heat island effects, and enhanced biodiversity. Some examples of nature-based solutions for effective urban flooding measures are:


1. Green Roofs: Green roofs are covered with vegetation, which can absorb rainwater and release it slowly over time. They can help to reduce the amount of stormwater runoff and provide insulation to buildings, reducing energy consumption.


2. Permeable Pavements: Permeable pavements allow rainwater to seep through the surface, which can help to reduce the amount of stormwater runoff. They can also improve groundwater recharge and reduce the heat island effect.


3. Rain Gardens: Rain gardens are planted depressions that collect rainwater and allow it to infiltrate into the soil. They can help to reduce stormwater runoff, improve groundwater recharge, and provide habitat for pollinators.


4. Urban Forests: Urban forests can help to reduce the impact of urban flooding by intercepting rainwater and reducing stormwater runoff. They can also improve air quality, reduce the heat island effect, and provide habitat for wildlife.


5. Natural Wetlands: Natural wetlands can help to absorb excess rainwater and reduce the impact of urban flooding. They can also improve water quality, support biodiversity, and provide recreational opportunities.


6. Sustainable Drainage Systems: Sustainable drainage systems incorporate a range of nature-based solutions, including green roofs, permeable pavements, and rain gardens, to manage stormwater runoff. They can help to reduce the impact of urban flooding while also providing additional benefits such as improved air quality and biodiversity.


In conclusion, nature-based solutions can be effective in managing urban flooding while also providing additional benefits such as improved air quality, reduced heat island effects, and enhanced biodiversity. Green roofs, permeable pavements, rain gardens, urban forests, natural wetlands, and sustainable drainage systems are some of the nature-based solutions that can be used to manage urban flooding.

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