Safeguarding Rights, Strengthening Democracy: The Supreme Court’s Role in Recent Times

 


The Supreme Court of India plays a crucial role in protecting individual rights and upholding democratic values, often acting as a check on executive and legislative overreach. In recent years, several landmark judgments have reaffirmed its commitment to constitutional principles.


1. Upholding the Right to Privacy in Bail Conditions (2024)


In a recent ruling, the Supreme Court held that bail conditions must not violate the accused’s right to privacy. It stated that continuous surveillance or intrusive conditions such as sharing social media passwords cannot be imposed arbitrarily.

Significance: Protects individual liberty and ensures fair treatment under Article 21 of the Constitution.


2. Firm Stand on POCSO Implementation (2024)


The Court asserted that no personal opinions or “sympathetic exceptions” can override the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act.

Example: In cases where courts tried to justify exceptions in consensual relationships involving minors, the Supreme Court reinforced that the law must be applied uniformly.

Significance: Ensures consistent child protection and judicial integrity.


3. Electoral Bonds Judgment (2024)


In a major blow to opacity in political funding, the Supreme Court struck down the electoral bonds scheme, calling it unconstitutional.

Significance: Reinforces transparency in democratic processes, curbs corruption, and empowers the voter’s right to know.


4. Striking Down Section 377A (2023) (Related but impactful)


While the Court decriminalized homosexuality in 2018, in a follow-up case, it reaffirmed protection against discrimination and emphasized the dignity of the LGBTQ+ community.

Significance: Strengthens democratic inclusion and human rights.


5. Freedom of Speech and Internet Shutdowns (2022–23)


The Court took a firm stand on arbitrary internet shutdowns in states like Manipur and Jammu & Kashmir, calling for a balance between national security and civil liberties.

Significance: Protects the freedom of expression and the right to information in a digital democracy.


Conclusion:


In these judgments, the Supreme Court has acted not just as a legal institution but as the conscience-keeper of the Republic. By reinforcing accountability, equity, and liberty, it has shown how judicial activism can safeguard rights and strengthen the roots of democracy

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